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Saturation
The purity or vividness of a (colour, expressed as the absence of white. A colour that has
100% saturation contains no white, while a colour with 0% saturation is a shade of grey.
Scaling
The process of resizing an image larger or smaller.
Scanner
A hardware device that converts hard-copy images-ranging from photographs to pieces of
cloth-into electronic files for use on the computer. Scanners usually produce colour
bitmap files, which can be incorporated into other documents and printed or posted online.
Scanner
A device that converts visual information from analogue to digital form that computers con
read and output.
Scanning Resolution
Des(rises the density of information that a scanner can capture per inch, measured in
pixels per inch (ppi) or dots per inch (dpi). Also called input resolution.
Screen Angle
In halftone images, the angle of each row of dots. When more than a single halftone screen
is applied to an image, each screen must have a different screen angle to avoid moir6
patterns.
Screen Frequency
A measure of the number of dots in a halftone image. Screen frequency is described using
lines per inch (Ipi).
Service Bureau
A business that provides expertise and equipment to people who need to produce
high-quality professional publications. Service bureau's provide services such us image
setting, scanning, and proofing.
sheet-fed Printing Press
A printing press that prints on separate sheets of paper instead of on 9 continuous roll
of paper.
sheet-fed press
A printing press into which individual sheets of paper are fed, as
contrasted with a web-fed press printing on a continuous strip as it unrolls.
Spectrophotometer
An instrument that measures the intensity of Iighting a spectrum. It is used for both
monitor and printer calibration and to sample colours for use in graphics applications.
Spot Colour
A colour that is reproduced on a printing press using a single ink. Spot colours watch
books and inks are provided by(companies such as PANTONE).
spread
A pair of facing pages. Also called two-page
Spread
A method of colour trapping in which a thin coloured line that overlaps adjacent colours
is added to the edges of an object.
Stochastic Screening
A new type of halftone screening that produces halftone images by varying the number of
dots used to make an image rather than the Si7e of the dots.
Subtractive Colour Model
A colour model, such as CMYK, that creates colour by subtracting wavelengths of light
reflected from an object. For example, a (Colour link will appear blue if it absorbs all
colours other than blue.
Swatch book
A book containing printed patches of solid colour which represent the collection of
colours available from a colour matching system. It is used to compare and select colours.
Source application
The application originally used to create an element in an electronic
publication. For example, text is usually written and edited in a word processor and
images are usually scanned into an image-editing application.
Subsampling
Retaining a portion of existing pixels to reduce the file size of an image
(for example, keeping every fourth pixel to make the image one fourth the original
resolution); this usually results in a rough approximation of the original image, although
it is faster to create than a downsampled image.
System palette
A standard set of colours used for on-screen display within both Windows
and Mac OS. The system palette is significant in electronic publishing because the Windows
and Mac OS system palettes are not the same when running on 8-bit systems. The respective
system palettes have only 216 of the 256 colours in common. To ensure consistent colour
display, designers usually limit colours in electronic publications to the 216 colours
common to both system palettes.
Saturation
The purity or vividness of a (colour, expressed as the absence of white. A
colour that has 100% saturation contains no white, while a colour with 0% saturation is a
shade of grey.
Stochastic Screening
A new type of halftone screening that produces halftone images by varying
the number of dots used to make an image rather than the Si7e of the dots.
saddle-stitching
A type of binding that uses wire stapling at the centre of a magazine or
pamphlet. Folded spreads are placed over a peaked frame called a saddle and stapled
through the middle. A similar type of binding is also done with thread.
sans serif font
A typeface without serifs, generally a lowcontrast design. Helvetica is an
example.
secondary colour
Secondary colours are pair wise combinations of primaries. Seen under
magnification, an inked area must either be one of the three primary colours, or one of
the three secondary colours, or black. Halftone dots and the overlaps between them can
only be of six colours, plus black. The sensation of full. colour on a page results from
the additive mixing of these six colours.
selection tools
Essential features of image-editing software. These tools allow the
designer to cordon off selected parts of a raster image and to designate particular
objects for on-screen modification. Examples from Adobe Photoshop are the wand and lasso.
self-cover
Using the same paper for the cover and the inside pages.
serif
In typeface design, a small, decorative stroke appearing at the ends of
the main strokes that define a letter. Horizontal serifs serve to lead the eye along a
line of type.
show-through
When the impression on one side of a sheet is visible on the other side,
through the paper.
side-stitching
A method of binding that involves stapling through the spine of a
publication from front to back. This prevents the book from lying flat, when it is opened
to a page. A group of pages printed on the same sheet, front and back. After printing, the
sheet is folded so that the pages fall in correct order.
skewing
When press cylinders are not parallel and do not make proper contact. Can
also occur if pages are stripped crooked.
slurring
A printing problem in which halftone dots appear elongated or smeared.
spine
The backbone of a book, particularly of the binding.
splice
Join webs of paper, head to tail, so as to begin feeding from a fresh
roll.
spoils, spoilage
Unsatisfactory sheets discarded before delivery.
spread or double-truck
A proof reading term meaning let it stand": an instruction to ignore
a proposed change and print as in the original.
strike-through
See show-through
stripping
Assembling film into flats for plate making.
style
One of the variations, such as italic and bold, that comprise a typeface
family.
SWOP
The acronym for Specifications Web Offset Publications. It refers to a
booklet giving standards for web-fed offset printing.
symbol font
A font consisting primarily of mathematical symbols rather than ordinary
letters and numbers.
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